The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has issued a warning concerning the proliferation of scams involving free online file converter tools. These seemingly innocuous utilities, which promise to convert documents or media files into different formats, are being exploited by cybercriminals to distribute malware, leading to potential identity theft, financial losses, and system compromises.

How the Scam Works

Cybercriminals establish websites offering free services such as converting .doc files to .pdf, merging multiple images into a single document, or downloading media files. While these tools often perform the advertised function, they may also introduce malicious software onto the user’s device. This malware can clandestinely harvest sensitive information, including:

  1. Personal Identifying Information (PII) such as Social Security numbers, dates of birth, and contact details.
  2. Banking credentials and financial data.
  3. Cryptocurrency wallet information, including seed phrases and wallet addresses.
  4. Email addresses and account passwords.

Many victims remain unaware of the infection until significant damage has occurred, such as unauthorized financial transactions or system lockouts due to ransomware.

Recommendations for Protection

To safeguard against these threats, the FBI advises:

  1. Exercise Caution: Be vigilant when using online file conversion tools. Consider the necessity and safety of the service before proceeding.
  2. Utilize Reputable Security Software: Ensure that your devices are protected with up-to-date antivirus and anti-malware programs. Regularly scan downloaded files before opening them.
  3. Verify Website Legitimacy: Use only trusted and well-known websites for file conversions. Be wary of sites that require the submission of sensitive information.
  4. Report Suspicious Activity: If you suspect that your information has been compromised through such a service, promptly report the incident to the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center at www.ic3.gov.

Conclusion

The convenience of free online file converters can be overshadowed by the significant risks they may pose. By staying informed and exercising caution, individuals can protect themselves from these sophisticated scams.

For a more in-depth understanding, watch the following news segment detailing the FBI’s warning:

Sources

  • https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/denver/news/fbi-denver-warns-of-online-file-converter-scam
  • https://www.moneycontrol.com/technology/fbi-issues-critical-warning-for-these-websites-that-are-committing-scams-globally-details-and-tips-for-safety-article-12966911.html
  • https://www.bitdefender.com/en-us/blog/hotforsecurity/free-file-converter-malware-scam-rampant-claims-fbi
  • https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2025/03/warning-over-free-online-file-converters-that-actually-install-malware